@charset "utf-8";

/* =============================================================================
   Design Tokens
   ============================================================================= */
:root {
    --accent-subtle-deep: #e0e7ff;
    /* Font Awesome Pro duotone tokens — harmonized with --accent */
    --fa-primary-color: #6366f1;
    --fa-secondary-color: #6366f1;
    --fa-primary-opacity: 1;
    --fa-secondary-opacity: 0.38;
    --accent:         #6366f1;
    --accent-hover:   #818cf8;
    --accent-subtle:  #eef2ff;
    --accent-border:  rgba(99, 102, 241, 0.2);
    --success:        #059669;
    --text:           #1a1a1a;
    --text-secondary: #6b7280;
    --text-muted:     #8591a4;
    --bg:             #ffffff;
    --bg-page:        #f9f8ff;
    --border:         #e5e7eb;
    --border-subtle:  #f1f3f5;
    /* 3-layer shadow: contact edge + key light + ambient float */
    --shadow-sm:      0 1px 2px  rgba(0,0,0,0.05),
                      0 2px 8px  rgba(16,24,40,0.05),
                      0 6px 20px rgba(16,24,40,0.04);
    --shadow-md:      0 1px 3px  rgba(0,0,0,0.07),
                      0 6px 16px rgba(16,24,40,0.08),
                      0 20px 48px rgba(16,24,40,0.07);
    --shadow-lg:      0 2px 4px  rgba(0,0,0,0.07),
                      0 12px 28px rgba(16,24,40,0.09),
                      0 40px 80px rgba(16,24,40,0.09);
    --radius:         12px;
    --radius-sm:      8px;
    --sans:           'Lato', -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', sans-serif;
    --serif:          'Source Serif 4', Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;
    /* #2: Apple-style easing */
    --ease:           cubic-bezier(0.25, 0.1, 0.25, 1);
}

/* =============================================================================
   Base
   ============================================================================= */
html {
    scroll-behavior: smooth;
}

body {
    font-family: var(--sans);
    font-weight: 400;
    padding-top: 4.5rem;
    color: var(--text);
    background: var(--bg-page);
    -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
    -moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale;
    line-height: 1.65;
    min-height: 100vh;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
}
body > .container-lg,
body > .container-xl {
    flex: 1;
}

h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6,
.h1, .h2, .h3, .h4, .h5, .h6 {
    font-weight: 600;
    letter-spacing: -0.01em;
}

a {
    color: var(--accent);
    transition: color 0.25s var(--ease);                    /* #2 */
}
a:hover {
    color: var(--accent-hover);
    text-decoration: none;
}

/* =============================================================================
   Navbar — glassmorphism
   ============================================================================= */
.navbar {
    opacity: 1;
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.82) !important;
    backdrop-filter: blur(16px);
    -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(16px);
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border);
    box-shadow: none;
    padding: 0.75rem 1.5rem;                               /* #4: more breathing room */
    transition: box-shadow 0.25s var(--ease);
}
.navbar-brand {
    font-weight: 700 !important;
    font-size: 1rem;
    letter-spacing: -0.02em;
    color: var(--text) !important;
}
.navbar-nav .nav-link {
    font-size: 0.875rem;
    font-weight: 500;
    color: var(--text-secondary) !important;
    padding: 0.5rem 1rem !important;
    margin: 0 0.15rem;
    border-radius: 6px;
    transition: color 0.25s var(--ease), background 0.25s var(--ease);  /* #2 */
}
.navbar-nav .nav-link:hover {
    color: var(--accent) !important;
    background: var(--accent-subtle);
}
.navbar-nav .nav-item.active .nav-link {
    color: var(--accent) !important;
    background: var(--accent-subtle);
    font-weight: 600;
}
.navbar-toggler {
    font-family: var(--sans);
    font-size: 0.9rem !important;
    font-weight: 600;
    letter-spacing: 0.02em;
    color: var(--text);
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.45rem;
    line-height: 1;
    transition: color 0.2s var(--ease), border-color 0.2s var(--ease);
}
.navbar-toggler:hover,
.navbar-toggler:focus {
    color: var(--accent);
    border-color: var(--accent-border);
    outline: none;
    box-shadow: none;
}
.navbar-toggler i { font-size: 0.95rem; }

/* =============================================================================
   Cards — elevated, interactive
   ============================================================================= */
.card {
    border-radius: var(--radius) !important;
    border: 1px solid var(--border) !important;
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
    transition: box-shadow 0.25s var(--ease);
}
.card:hover {
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
}

.card-img-overlay {
    border-radius: var(--radius) !important;
}

.rounded-xl {
    border-radius: var(--radius) !important;
}

.rounded-xl-bottom {
    border-bottom-right-radius: var(--radius) !important;
    border-bottom-left-radius: var(--radius) !important;
}

.rounded-xl-top {
    border-top-left-radius: var(--radius) !important;
    border-top-right-radius: var(--radius) !important;
}

/* Card sections (news, publications) */
.bg-white.shadow-sm.rounded-xl,
.my-3.bg-white.shadow-sm.rounded-xl {
    border: 1px solid var(--border);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
    border-radius: var(--radius) !important;
    transition: box-shadow 0.25s var(--ease);
}
.bg-white.shadow-sm.rounded-xl:hover {
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
}

/* Section headers inside cards */
.bg-white h6.border-bottom {
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    letter-spacing: 0.03em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: var(--text-secondary);
    border-color: var(--border) !important;
}
.bg-white h6.border-bottom a {
    font-size: 0.8rem;
    text-transform: none;
    letter-spacing: 0;
    font-weight: 500;
}

/* =============================================================================
   Profile Card
   ============================================================================= */
.card-body .h1,
.card-body .h1.font-weight-normal,
.card-body div.h1 {
    font-family: var(--serif) !important;
    font-size: 2.6rem !important;
    font-weight: 500 !important;
    font-style: italic;
    letter-spacing: 0;
    color: var(--text);
    line-height: 1.2;
}

.text-profile-position {
    font-weight: 400;
    color: var(--text-secondary);
    font-size: 0.95rem;
}

.text-profile-bio {
    font-weight: 400;
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    line-height: 1.75;
    color: var(--text);
}
.text-profile-bio ul {
    padding-left: 1.2rem;
    margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}
.text-profile-bio li {
    margin-bottom: 0.2rem;
}

/* CV-style subtitle lines directly below the name */
.profile-tagline {
    margin: 0.15rem 0 0.25rem;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 0.1rem;
}
.profile-tagline-row {
    font-family: var(--serif);
    font-style: normal;
    font-weight: 500;
    font-size: 1rem;
    letter-spacing: 0.005em;
    color: var(--text);
    line-height: 1.45;
}
[data-theme="dark"] .profile-tagline-row {
    color: var(--text);
}

/* Research interest chip tags */
.research-tags {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 0.45rem;
    margin: 0.5rem 0 0.25rem;
}
.research-tag {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    padding: 0.28rem 0.85rem;
    background: var(--accent-subtle);
    color: var(--accent);
    border: 1px solid var(--accent-border);
    border-radius: 100px;
    font-family: var(--serif);
    font-style: italic;
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    font-weight: 500;
    transition: background 0.25s var(--ease), color 0.25s var(--ease), border-color 0.25s var(--ease), box-shadow 0.25s var(--ease);
    cursor: default;
    user-select: none;
}
.research-tag:hover {
    background: var(--accent-subtle-deep, #e0e7ff);
    color: var(--accent);
    border-color: rgba(99, 102, 241, 0.50);
    box-shadow: 0 1px 4px rgba(99, 102, 241, 0.18);
}

/* Portrait image */
.figure-img.img-thumbnail {
    border: 2px solid var(--border);
    border-radius: var(--radius) !important;
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
    transition: box-shadow 0.25s var(--ease);
}
.figure-img.img-thumbnail:hover {
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
}

/* Social links row */
.card-body hr {
    border-color: var(--border);
    margin: 1.5rem 0;
}
.card-body hr + .row .col {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 0.75rem;                                           /* #8: more spacing */
    align-items: center;
}
.card-body hr + .row a {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.4rem;
    color: var(--text-secondary);
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    font-weight: 500;
    padding: 0.35rem 0.7rem;
    border-radius: 8px;
    transition: color 0.25s var(--ease), background 0.25s var(--ease);  /* #2 #3: no transform */
    text-decoration: none;
}
.card-body hr + .row a:hover {
    color: var(--accent);
    background: var(--accent-subtle);
}
.card-body hr + .row a i {
    font-size: 1rem;
    width: 1.1em;
    text-align: center;
}

.email-text {
    font-family: 'SF Mono', 'Fira Code', monospace;
    font-size: 0.82rem;
}

/* =============================================================================
   Education / Experience Card
   ============================================================================= */
.card-body h6 {
    font-size: 0.8rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    letter-spacing: 0.06em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: var(--text-secondary);
    margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
}
/* Override Bootstrap .small inside edu/exp/awards */
.card-body .media-body .small,
.card-body .list.small {
    font-size: 0.875rem !important;
}

/* Icon-only section marker (replaces "Education"/"Experience"/"Honors" headings) */
.section-marker {
    display: inline-block;
    color: var(--accent);
    font-size: 1.25rem;
    line-height: 1;
    margin-bottom: 0.9rem;
    --fa-primary-color: var(--accent);
    --fa-secondary-color: var(--accent);
    --fa-secondary-opacity: 0.4;
}
[data-theme="dark"] .section-marker {
    color: var(--accent-hover);
    --fa-primary-color: var(--accent-hover);
    --fa-secondary-color: var(--accent-hover);
}

/* Edu/Exp — bare logo, no background */
.edu-logo-wrap {
    width: 36px;
    height: 36px;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    margin-top: 2px;
    transition: transform 0.25s var(--ease);
}
.edu-logo {
    width: 36px;
    height: 36px;
    object-fit: contain;
}
.edu-item:hover .edu-logo-wrap {
    transform: scale(1.05);
}

/* Institution / company name — serif italic, stronger */
.edu-inst {
    font-family: var(--serif);
    font-style: italic;
    font-weight: 600;
    font-size: 1.02rem;
    line-height: 1.3;
    color: var(--text);
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.45rem;
}


/* Pulsing green "Present" indicator */
.present-dot {
    display: inline-block;
    width: 7px;
    height: 7px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    background: #10b981;
    box-shadow: 0 0 0 0 rgba(16, 185, 129, 0.6);
    animation: presentPulse 2.2s ease-out infinite;
    flex-shrink: 0;
}
@keyframes presentPulse {
    0%   { box-shadow: 0 0 0 0 rgba(16, 185, 129, 0.55); }
    70%  { box-shadow: 0 0 0 6px rgba(16, 185, 129, 0); }
    100% { box-shadow: 0 0 0 0 rgba(16, 185, 129, 0); }
}

/* Separator between stacked roles at the same company */
.edu-role-next {
    margin-top: 0.2rem;
    padding-top: 0.3rem;
    border-top: 1px dashed var(--border);
}

/* Research experience logo strip */
.research-strip-body {
    padding-top: 1.75rem !important;
    padding-bottom: 1.75rem !important;
}
.research-strip {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 2.5rem;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    min-height: 52px;
}
.research-strip-label {
    font-size: 0.78rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    letter-spacing: 0.14em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: var(--text-secondary);
    white-space: nowrap;
    flex-shrink: 0;
}
.research-strip-logos {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 2.75rem;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    row-gap: 1.25rem;
}
.research-strip-logo-link {
    position: relative;
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    line-height: 0;
    padding: 0.3rem 0.6rem;
    border-radius: 8px;
    transition: background 0.22s var(--ease), transform 0.22s var(--ease);
}
.research-strip-logo-link:hover {
    background: var(--accent-subtle);
    transform: translateY(-1px);
}
.research-strip-logo {
    height: 42px;
    width: auto;
    max-width: 160px;
    object-fit: contain;
}

/* Tooltip label — full name on hover */
.research-strip-tooltip {
    position: absolute;
    top: calc(100% + 6px);
    left: 50%;
    transform: translateX(-50%) translateY(-3px);
    padding: 0.28rem 0.65rem;
    font-family: var(--sans);
    font-size: 0.76rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    letter-spacing: 0.01em;
    line-height: 1.1;
    color: var(--accent);
    background: var(--accent-subtle);
    border: 1px solid var(--accent-border);
    border-radius: 6px;
    white-space: nowrap;
    opacity: 0;
    pointer-events: none;
    transition: opacity 0.2s var(--ease), transform 0.25s var(--ease);
    z-index: 5;
}
.research-strip-logo-link:hover .research-strip-tooltip {
    opacity: 1;
    transform: translateX(-50%) translateY(0);
}
/* Edge-anchored tooltips so they never overflow the card */
.research-strip-logo-link:last-child .research-strip-tooltip {
    left: auto;
    right: 0;
    transform: translateX(0) translateY(-3px);
}
.research-strip-logo-link:last-child:hover .research-strip-tooltip {
    transform: translateX(0) translateY(0);
}
.research-strip-logo-link:first-child .research-strip-tooltip {
    left: 0;
    right: auto;
    transform: translateX(0) translateY(-3px);
}
.research-strip-logo-link:first-child:hover .research-strip-tooltip {
    transform: translateX(0) translateY(0);
}
[data-theme="dark"] .research-strip-tooltip {
    color: var(--accent);
    background: rgba(99, 102, 241, 0.14);
    border-color: rgba(99, 102, 241, 0.32);
}
@media (max-width: 640px) {
    .research-strip {
        flex-direction: column;
        align-items: flex-start;
        gap: 0.9rem;
    }
    .research-strip-logos {
        gap: 1.5rem;
    }
}

/* Awards — left-side year pill */
.award-year {
    display: inline-block;
    min-width: 3.1rem;
    padding: 0.12rem 0.5rem;
    margin-right: 0.7rem;
    font-size: 0.72rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    letter-spacing: 0.04em;
    color: var(--accent);
    background: var(--accent-subtle);
    border-radius: 999px;
    text-align: center;
    flex-shrink: 0;
}
.award-name {
    color: var(--text);
    line-height: 1.4;
}
[data-theme="dark"] .edu-inst { color: var(--text); }
[data-theme="dark"] .award-name { color: var(--text); }

.inline-badge {
    height: 16px;
    vertical-align: -10%;
    margin-right: 3px;
    line-break: unset;
}

.no-break {
    white-space: nowrap;
}

/* =============================================================================
   News Items
   ============================================================================= */
.news-item-row {
    padding: 0.2rem 0.5rem;
    border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
    transition: background 0.25s var(--ease);
}
.news-item-row:hover {
    background: var(--accent-subtle);
}
.bg-white .px-3.pb-1.small {
    font-size: 0.875rem !important;
}
.bg-white .media .text-muted {
    font-weight: 600;
    font-size: 0.875rem;
}

/* =============================================================================
   Publication Items
   ============================================================================= */

/* Cover images */
.cover-image {
    width: 180px;
    max-height: 120px;
}

/* Lazy loading images in publication rows */
.d-none.d-md-block .row img.lazy,
.d-none.d-md-block .row img.w-100 {
    border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
    object-fit: contain;
    aspect-ratio: 3 / 2;
    background: var(--bg-page);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
    transition: box-shadow 0.25s var(--ease);
}
.d-none.d-md-block .row:hover img.lazy,
.d-none.d-md-block .row:hover img.w-100 {
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
}

/* Publication title */
.d-none.d-md-block h5.font-weight-normal {
    font-weight: 500 !important;
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    line-height: 1.4;
    color: var(--text);
    margin-bottom: 0.3rem !important;
}
/* Publication author & venue lines — override Bootstrap .small */
.d-none.d-md-block p.small,
.d-md-none p.small {
    font-size: 0.85rem !important;
}

/* Publication row hover effect */
.d-none.d-md-block .row.no-gutters {
    transition: background 0.25s var(--ease), box-shadow 0.25s var(--ease);
    border-color: var(--border) !important;
}
.d-none.d-md-block .row.no-gutters:hover {
    background: var(--accent-subtle);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
}

/* Publication links — clean ghost/outline buttons */
.abstract-links a {
    display: inline-block;
    padding: 0.35rem 0.8rem;                                /* #5: larger touch target */
    margin: 0.2rem 0.25rem 0.2rem 0;
    background: transparent;
    color: var(--accent) !important;
    border: 1px solid rgba(99, 102, 241, 0.42);
    border-radius: 6px;
    font-size: 0.8rem;
    font-weight: 500;
    text-decoration: none;
    letter-spacing: 0.01em;
    transition: background 0.25s var(--ease), border-color 0.25s var(--ease), box-shadow 0.25s var(--ease); /* #2 */
}
.abstract-links a:hover {
    background: var(--accent-subtle);
    color: var(--accent) !important;
    border-color: rgba(99, 102, 241, 0.70);
    box-shadow: 0 2px 8px rgba(99, 102, 241, 0.22);
}

/* Spotlight / award badges in publication venue line */
.badge-success {
    background: var(--success) !important;
    font-weight: 500;
    font-size: 0.8rem;
    padding: 0.25rem 0.6rem;
    border-radius: 100px;
}

/* Abstract body */
.abstract-body {
    min-height: 100px;
}

/* =============================================================================
   Publications Page — Year Headers
   ============================================================================= */
h2[id^="year-"] {
    font-weight: 700;
    letter-spacing: -0.02em;
    color: var(--accent);
    padding-bottom: 0.6rem;
    border-bottom: 2px solid var(--accent-border);
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

/* Year filter sidebar — nav-pills */
.nav-pills .nav-link {
    color: var(--text-secondary);
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    font-weight: 500;
    border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
    padding: 0.4rem 0.75rem;
    transition: color 0.25s var(--ease), background 0.25s var(--ease);
}
.nav-pills .nav-link:hover {
    color: var(--accent);
    background: var(--accent-subtle);
}
.nav-pills .nav-link.active,
.nav-pills .show > .nav-link {
    background: var(--accent) !important;
    color: #fff !important;
    font-weight: 600;
}

/* Year filter sidebar buttons */
.btn-primary {
    background: var(--accent) !important;
    border-color: var(--accent) !important;
    border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
    font-weight: 500;
    transition: background 0.25s var(--ease), box-shadow 0.25s var(--ease);
}
.btn-primary:hover {
    background: var(--accent-hover) !important;
    border-color: var(--accent-hover) !important;
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
}

.btn-outline-primary {
    color: var(--accent) !important;
    border-color: var(--accent-border) !important;
    border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
    font-weight: 500;
    transition: background 0.25s var(--ease), border-color 0.25s var(--ease), color 0.25s var(--ease), box-shadow 0.25s var(--ease);
}
.btn-outline-primary:hover {
    background: var(--accent) !important;
    border-color: var(--accent) !important;
    color: #fff !important;
}

/* Bubble visual hash (placeholder for publications without cover) */
svg.bubble-visual-hash {
    border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
}

/* Equal contribution note */
.eq-contrib-note {
    color: var(--text-muted);
    font-size: 0.8rem;
}

/* =============================================================================
   Lazy Loading — shimmer skeleton
   ============================================================================= */
@keyframes shimmer {
    0%   { background-position: -400px 0; }
    100% { background-position: 400px 0; }
}

img.lazy {
    background: linear-gradient(90deg, #f0f0f0 25%, #e0e0e0 50%, #f0f0f0 75%);
    background-size: 800px 100%;
    animation: shimmer 1.5s infinite linear;
    min-height: 80px;
}

/* No shimmer on div.lazy — these are mobile publication cards with text overlay.
   The shimmer animation behind text is distracting and never stops. */

/* =============================================================================
   Footer
   ============================================================================= */
footer.footer {
    background: var(--bg-page) !important;
    border-top: none !important;
    color: var(--text-muted);
    padding: 3rem 0 2rem !important;
    margin-top: auto !important;
}
footer.footer .row {
    margin: 0 !important;
}
footer.footer .text-muted {
    text-align: center;
    font-size: 0.82rem;
}

/* =============================================================================
   Utilities & Overrides
   ============================================================================= */
.bg-light {
    background-color: var(--bg-page) !important;
}

.bg-white {
    background-color: var(--bg) !important;
}

.shadow-sm {
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm) !important;
}

.border-gray,
.border-bottom.border-gray {
    border-color: var(--border) !important;
}

.badge-publication {
    font-size: 100%;
}

/* Selection color */
::selection {
    background: var(--accent-subtle);
    color: var(--text);
}

/* Research Highlights — individual project cards (lift on hover) */
.col-md-4 .border.rounded-lg {
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
    transition: box-shadow 0.25s var(--ease), transform 0.25s var(--ease);
}
.col-md-4 .border.rounded-lg:hover {
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-md), 0 4px 16px rgba(99, 102, 241, 0.18) !important;
    transform: translateY(-2px);
}

/* =============================================================================
   Showcase — Reading Grid
   ============================================================================= */
.grid-item .card {
    height: 100%;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    transition: box-shadow 0.25s var(--ease), transform 0.25s var(--ease);
}
.grid-item .card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-2px);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-md), 0 4px 16px rgba(99, 102, 241, 0.15);
}
.grid-item .card img {
    aspect-ratio: 2 / 3;
    object-fit: cover;
    width: 100%;
}
.grid-item .card .card-body {
    flex: 1;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
}
.grid-item .card .card-text {
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    font-weight: 500;
    line-height: 1.4;
    margin: 0;
}

/* =============================================================================
   Responsive
   ============================================================================= */

/* #9: small screens */
@media (max-width: 480px) {
    .card-body .h1,
    .card-body .h1.font-weight-normal,
    .card-body div.h1 {
        font-size: 1.35rem !important;
    }
    .card-body {
        padding: 1.25rem !important;
    }
    .card-body hr + .row .col {
        gap: 0.4rem;
    }
    .card-body hr + .row a {
        font-size: 0.8rem;
        padding: 0.5rem 0.6rem;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .card-body .h1,
    .card-body .h1.font-weight-normal,
    .card-body div.h1 {
        font-size: 1.5rem !important;
    }
    .card-body {
        padding: 1.5rem !important;
    }
    /* Larger touch targets for mobile */
    .abstract-links a {
        padding: 0.5rem 1rem;
        font-size: 0.8rem;
        min-height: 44px;
        display: inline-flex;
        align-items: center;
    }
}

/* =============================================================================
   Dark Mode
   ============================================================================= */
[data-theme="dark"] {
    --accent:         #818cf8;
    --accent-hover:   #a5b4fc;
    --accent-subtle:  rgba(99, 102, 241, 0.15);
    --accent-border:  rgba(99, 102, 241, 0.30);
    --text:           #e2e8f0;
    --text-secondary: #94a3b8;
    --text-muted:     #7c8fa8;
    --bg:             #111827;
    --bg-page:        #0f172a;
    --accent-subtle-deep: rgba(99, 102, 241, 0.28);
    --border:         #263348;
    --border-subtle:  #1e293b;
    --shadow-sm:      0 1px 2px  rgba(0,0,0,0.18), 0 2px 8px  rgba(0,0,0,0.14), 0 6px 20px rgba(0,0,0,0.11);
    --shadow-md:      0 1px 3px  rgba(0,0,0,0.22), 0 6px 16px rgba(0,0,0,0.17), 0 20px 48px rgba(0,0,0,0.14);
    --shadow-lg:      0 2px 4px  rgba(0,0,0,0.25), 0 12px 28px rgba(0,0,0,0.19), 0 40px 80px rgba(0,0,0,0.16);
}

[data-theme="dark"] body {
    color-scheme: dark;
}

[data-theme="dark"] .navbar {
    background: rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.88) !important;
    border-bottom-color: var(--border) !important;
}

[data-theme="dark"] .navbar-toggler-icon {
    background-image: url("data:image/svg+xml,%3csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' width='30' height='30' viewBox='0 0 30 30'%3e%3cpath stroke='%23e2e8f0' stroke-linecap='round' stroke-miterlimit='10' stroke-width='2' d='M4 7h22M4 15h22M4 23h22'/%3e%3c/svg%3e");
}

[data-theme="dark"] .modal-content {
    background-color: var(--bg);
    color: var(--text);
    border-color: var(--border);
}
[data-theme="dark"] .modal-header,
[data-theme="dark"] .modal-footer {
    border-color: var(--border);
}
[data-theme="dark"] .close {
    color: var(--text);
}

[data-theme="dark"] .card,
[data-theme="dark"] .bg-white {
    background-color: #1a2235 !important;
    border-color: var(--border) !important;
    color: var(--text);
}

[data-theme="dark"] .bg-white.shadow-sm.rounded-xl,
[data-theme="dark"] .my-3.bg-white.shadow-sm.rounded-xl {
    background-color: #1a2235 !important;
}

[data-theme="dark"] .bg-light {
    background-color: var(--bg-page) !important;
}

[data-theme="dark"] .text-muted,
[data-theme="dark"] .text-profile-position {
    color: var(--text-secondary) !important;
}

[data-theme="dark"] .border-bottom.border-gray,
[data-theme="dark"] .border-gray {
    border-color: var(--border) !important;
}

[data-theme="dark"] img.lazy {
    background: linear-gradient(90deg, #1e293b 25%, #263347 50%, #1e293b 75%);
}

[data-theme="dark"] footer.footer {
    background: var(--bg-page) !important;
}

[data-theme="dark"] hr {
    border-color: var(--border) !important;
}

[data-theme="dark"] .nav-pills .nav-link {
    color: var(--text-secondary);
}
[data-theme="dark"] .nav-pills .nav-link:hover {
    color: var(--accent);
    background: var(--accent-subtle);
}
[data-theme="dark"] .nav-pills .nav-link.active,
[data-theme="dark"] .nav-pills .show > .nav-link {
    background: var(--accent) !important;
    color: #fff !important;
}

[data-theme="dark"] .badge-success {
    background: var(--success) !important;
    color: #fff !important;
}

[data-theme="dark"] .abstract-links a:hover {
    box-shadow: 0 2px 8px rgba(129, 140, 248, 0.30);
}

[data-theme="dark"] .research-tag:hover {
    box-shadow: 0 1px 4px rgba(129, 140, 248, 0.28);
}

[data-theme="dark"] .grid-item .card:hover {
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-md), 0 4px 16px rgba(129, 140, 248, 0.20);
}

[data-theme="dark"] .col-md-4 .border.rounded-lg:hover {
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-md), 0 4px 16px rgba(129, 140, 248, 0.22) !important;
}

[data-theme="dark"] .d-none.d-md-block .row.no-gutters:hover {
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm), 0 2px 10px rgba(129, 140, 248, 0.15);
}

[data-theme="dark"] .card-body h5,
[data-theme="dark"] .card-body h6,
[data-theme="dark"] .card-body .h1,
[data-theme="dark"] .card-body div,
[data-theme="dark"] .media-body div {
    color: var(--text);
}

[data-theme="dark"] .card-body .small,
[data-theme="dark"] .media-body .small {
    color: var(--text-secondary) !important;
}

[data-theme="dark"] .list li {
    color: var(--text);
}

[data-theme="dark"] .text-body,
[data-theme="dark"] a.text-body {
    color: var(--text) !important;
}

/* Dark mode toggle button */
.theme-toggle {
    background: none;
    border: none;
    cursor: pointer;
    color: var(--text-secondary);
    font-size: 1rem;
    padding: 0.5rem 0.65rem;
    border-radius: 8px;
    transition: color 0.25s var(--ease), background 0.25s var(--ease);
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    line-height: 1;
    margin-left: 0.25rem;
}
.theme-toggle:hover {
    color: var(--accent);
    background: var(--accent-subtle);
}
.icon-sun { display: none; }
.icon-moon { display: inline; }
[data-theme="dark"] .icon-sun { display: inline; }
[data-theme="dark"] .icon-moon { display: none; }

/* ── Accessibility: reduced motion ───────────────────────────────────── */
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
    *, *::before, *::after {
        animation-duration: 0.01ms !important;
        transition-duration: 0.01ms !important;
    }
}

/* =============================================================================
   Font Awesome Pro — icon polish
   ============================================================================= */
/* Section header leading icons (Education, Experience, Awards, etc.) */
.section-icon {
    color: var(--accent);
    margin-right: 0.4rem;
    font-size: 0.95em;
    vertical-align: -0.05em;
    --fa-secondary-opacity: 0.4;
}

/* News timeline bullet — small dot to anchor each item */
.news-bullet {
    color: var(--accent);
    font-size: 0.55em;
    vertical-align: 0.4em;
    margin-right: 0.5rem;
    --fa-secondary-opacity: 0.45;
}

/* Card header icons get a touch of accent + duotone depth */
h6 > .fa-duotone,
.card-body h6 > .fa-duotone,
.rounded-xl > h6 > .fa-duotone {
    color: var(--accent);
    margin-right: 0.35rem;
}

/* Profile card social links — unify ALL icon colors to accent indigo */
.card-body a > i,
.card-body a > i.fa-brands,
.card-body a > i.fab,
.card-body a > i.fa-duotone,
.card-body a > i.fa-solid {
    color: var(--accent) !important;
    --fa-primary-color: var(--accent);
    --fa-secondary-color: var(--accent);
}
[data-theme="dark"] .card-body a > i {
    color: var(--accent-hover) !important;
    --fa-primary-color: var(--accent-hover);
    --fa-secondary-color: var(--accent-hover);
}

/* Theme toggle — keep the moon/sun crisp */
.theme-toggle .fa-duotone {
    --fa-secondary-opacity: 0.45;
}

/* Dark mode: keep duotone icons readable on dark backgrounds */
[data-theme="dark"] .section-icon,
[data-theme="dark"] .news-bullet,
[data-theme="dark"] h6 > .fa-duotone {
    color: var(--accent-hover);
}

/* =============================================================================
   Polish — Batch A/B/C/D/E
   ============================================================================= */

/* First-screen breathing room */
body > .container-lg,
body > .container-xl {
    margin-top: 1.25rem;
}

/* === Round avatar with indigo ring === */
.figure-img.img-thumbnail {
    border: 2px solid var(--accent) !important;
    border-radius: 50% !important;
    padding: 4px;
    background: var(--bg);
    box-shadow:
        0 0 0 1px var(--accent-border),
        0 8px 24px rgba(99, 102, 241, 0.18),
        0 2px 6px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.06);
    transition: transform 0.35s var(--ease), box-shadow 0.35s var(--ease);
}
.figure-img.img-thumbnail:hover {
    transform: translateY(-2px) scale(1.02);
    box-shadow:
        0 0 0 1px var(--accent),
        0 14px 32px rgba(99, 102, 241, 0.28),
        0 4px 10px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.08);
}

/* === Section card headers — bigger, tighter === */
.rounded-xl > h6,
.card .card-body > .row h6 {
    font-size: 0.98rem;
    letter-spacing: -0.005em;
    font-weight: 600;
}

/* === News timeline rail === */
.news-timeline {
    position: relative;
}
.news-item-row {
    position: relative;
    padding-left: 1.1rem;
}
.news-item-content {
    position: relative;
    flex: 1;
}
.news-bullet-dot {
    position: absolute;
    left: -0.92rem;
    top: 0.55em;
    width: 8px;
    height: 8px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    background: var(--accent);
    box-shadow: 0 0 0 3px var(--accent-subtle);
    transition: transform 0.2s var(--ease), box-shadow 0.2s var(--ease);
}
.news-item-row:hover .news-bullet-dot {
    transform: scale(1.25);
    box-shadow: 0 0 0 4px var(--accent-subtle-deep);
}
/* Vertical rail for the timeline (per-year media body) */
.news-timeline::before {
    content: "";
    position: absolute;
    left: calc(1.1rem - 0.92rem + 3.5px);
    top: 0.55rem;
    bottom: 0.55rem;
    width: 1px;
    background: linear-gradient(
        to bottom,
        transparent,
        var(--accent-border) 12%,
        var(--accent-border) 88%,
        transparent
    );
}

/* === Highlights cover rounding === */
#main .rounded-xl .col-md-4 > .border.rounded-lg {
    overflow: hidden;
}
.rounded-xl img[alt],
.row.no-gutters .border.rounded-lg img {
    border-radius: 8px 8px 0 0;
}

/* === Profile social-link icon hover (no chip frame) === */
.card-body hr ~ .row .col > a > i,
.card-body hr + .row .col > a > i {
    transition: transform 0.22s var(--ease), color 0.22s var(--ease);
}
.card-body hr ~ .row .col > a:hover > i,
.card-body hr + .row .col > a:hover > i {
    transform: translateY(-2px);
}

/* === Publication item hover lift === */
.media,
.row.no-gutters {
    transition: background 0.22s var(--ease), box-shadow 0.22s var(--ease);
}
.bg-white.shadow-sm.rounded-xl .row.no-gutters:not(.highlights-row):hover {
    background: var(--accent-subtle);
}

/* === Latest highlight banner === */
.latest-banner-stack {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 0.5rem;
    margin: 0 0 1rem;
}
.latest-banner-stack .latest-banner {
    margin: 0;
}
.latest-banner {
    position: relative;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.85rem;
    margin: 0 0 1rem;
    padding: 0.75rem 1.1rem 0.75rem 1.25rem;
    background: var(--accent-subtle);
    border: 1px solid var(--accent-border);
    border-radius: 14px;
    color: var(--text);
    text-decoration: none;
    box-shadow: 0 2px 10px rgba(99, 102, 241, 0.08);
    overflow: hidden;
    transition: transform 0.25s var(--ease), box-shadow 0.25s var(--ease), border-color 0.25s var(--ease);
}
.latest-banner:hover {
    transform: translateY(-1px);
    border-color: var(--accent);
    box-shadow: 0 10px 24px rgba(99, 102, 241, 0.22);
    color: var(--text);
    text-decoration: none;
}
.latest-banner-icon {
    position: relative;
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    width: 32px;
    height: 32px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    background: radial-gradient(circle at 30% 25%, #818cf8 0%, var(--accent) 55%, #4f46e5 100%);
    color: #fff;
    --fa-primary-color: #fff;
    --fa-secondary-color: #e0e7ff;
    --fa-secondary-opacity: 0.75;
    flex-shrink: 0;
    box-shadow:
        0 1px 2px rgba(255,255,255,0.45) inset,
        0 3px 8px rgba(79, 70, 229, 0.35);
}
.latest-banner-icon::before,
.latest-banner-icon::after {
    content: "";
    position: absolute;
    inset: 0;
    border-radius: inherit;
    border: 2px solid var(--accent);
    opacity: 0;
    pointer-events: none;
    animation: latestRipple 4.5s cubic-bezier(0.25, 0.8, 0.4, 1) infinite;
}
.latest-banner-icon::after { animation-delay: 2.25s; }
.latest-banner-stack > .latest-banner:nth-child(2) .latest-banner-icon::before { animation-delay: 1.1s; }
.latest-banner-stack > .latest-banner:nth-child(2) .latest-banner-icon::after { animation-delay: 3.35s; }
@keyframes latestRipple {
    0%   { transform: scale(1);    opacity: 0.55; }
    70%  { transform: scale(1.6);  opacity: 0; }
    100% { transform: scale(1.6);  opacity: 0; }
}
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
    .latest-banner-icon::before,
    .latest-banner-icon::after { animation: none; }
}
.latest-banner-label {
    position: relative;
    font-size: 0.68rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.08em;
    color: var(--accent);
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.7);
    padding: 0.2rem 0.55rem;
    border-radius: 999px;
    border: 1px solid var(--accent-border);
    box-shadow: none;
}
.latest-banner-title {
    flex: 1;
    font-family: var(--serif);
    font-style: italic;
    font-size: 1rem;
    font-weight: 400;
    color: var(--text);
    line-height: 1.35;
}
.latest-banner-arrow {
    color: var(--accent);
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    transition: transform 0.3s var(--ease);
}
.latest-banner:hover .latest-banner-arrow {
    transform: translateX(3px);
}

/* === Back-to-top button === */
.back-to-top {
    position: fixed;
    right: 1.5rem;
    bottom: 1.5rem;
    width: 44px;
    height: 44px;
    border-radius: 12px;
    border: 1px solid var(--accent-border);
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.9);
    backdrop-filter: blur(10px);
    -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(10px);
    color: var(--accent);
    --fa-primary-color: var(--accent);
    --fa-secondary-color: var(--accent);
    --fa-secondary-opacity: 0.45;
    font-size: 1rem;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    opacity: 0;
    transform: translateY(8px);
    pointer-events: none;
    transition: all 0.28s var(--ease);
    box-shadow: 0 6px 18px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.10);
    z-index: 1000;
    cursor: pointer;
}
.back-to-top.is-visible {
    opacity: 1;
    transform: translateY(0);
    pointer-events: auto;
}
.back-to-top:hover {
    background: var(--accent);
    color: #fff;
    --fa-primary-color: #fff;
    --fa-secondary-color: #fff;
    border-color: var(--accent);
    transform: translateY(-2px);
    box-shadow: 0 10px 24px rgba(99, 102, 241, 0.35);
}

/* === Section icon gradient (premium) === */
.section-icon {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #818cf8 0%, #4338ca 100%);
    -webkit-background-clip: text;
    background-clip: text;
    -webkit-text-fill-color: transparent;
    color: transparent;
}

/* === Dark mode overrides for new components === */
[data-theme="dark"] .figure-img.img-thumbnail {
    background: var(--bg);
    border-color: var(--accent-hover) !important;
    box-shadow:
        0 0 0 1px rgba(129, 140, 248, 0.3),
        0 8px 24px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);
}
[data-theme="dark"] .news-bullet-dot {
    background: var(--accent-hover);
    box-shadow: 0 0 0 3px rgba(129, 140, 248, 0.18);
}
[data-theme="dark"] .news-timeline::before {
    background: linear-gradient(
        to bottom,
        transparent,
        rgba(129, 140, 248, 0.3) 12%,
        rgba(129, 140, 248, 0.3) 88%,
        transparent
    );
}
[data-theme="dark"] .latest-banner {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, rgba(129, 140, 248, 0.12) 0%, rgba(99, 102, 241, 0.06) 100%);
    border-color: rgba(129, 140, 248, 0.3);
    box-shadow: 0 2px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);
}
[data-theme="dark"] .latest-banner-label {
    background: rgba(30, 27, 75, 0.6);
    color: var(--accent-hover);
    border-color: rgba(129, 140, 248, 0.3);
}
[data-theme="dark"] .latest-banner-title {
    color: var(--text);
}
[data-theme="dark"] .back-to-top {
    background: rgba(30, 27, 75, 0.85);
    border-color: rgba(129, 140, 248, 0.3);
    color: var(--accent-hover);
}
[data-theme="dark"] .back-to-top:hover {
    background: var(--accent-hover);
    color: #1e1b4b;
}
[data-theme="dark"] .card-body hr ~ .row .col > a > i,
[data-theme="dark"] .card-body hr + .row .col > a > i {
    background: rgba(129, 140, 248, 0.12);
    border-color: rgba(129, 140, 248, 0.3);
}
[data-theme="dark"] .bg-white.shadow-sm.rounded-xl .row.no-gutters:not(.highlights-row):hover {
    background: rgba(129, 140, 248, 0.1);
}

/* === BibTeX copy block === */
.bibtex-toggle {
    margin-left: 0.4rem;
    font-weight: 500;
}
.bibtex-block {
    position: relative;
    margin-top: 0.6rem;
    background: var(--code-bg, #f6f7f9);
    border: 1px solid var(--border);
    border-radius: 8px;
    padding: 0.7rem 0.85rem;
}
.abstract-block {
    margin-top: 0.6rem;
    padding: 0.7rem 0.9rem;
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    line-height: 1.55;
    color: var(--text-secondary);
    background: var(--accent-subtle);
    border: 1px solid var(--accent-border);
    border-radius: 8px;
}
[data-theme="dark"] .abstract-block {
    background: rgba(99, 102, 241, 0.08);
    color: var(--text);
}
.bibtex-block pre {
    margin: 0;
    font-size: 0.74rem;
    line-height: 1.45;
    white-space: pre-wrap;
    word-break: break-word;
    color: var(--text);
    font-family: ui-monospace, SFMono-Regular, Menlo, Consolas, monospace;
}
.bibtex-copy {
    position: absolute;
    top: 0.45rem;
    right: 0.5rem;
    background: var(--accent-subtle);
    color: var(--accent);
    border: 1px solid var(--accent-border);
    border-radius: 6px;
    font-size: 0.7rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    padding: 0.18rem 0.5rem;
    cursor: pointer;
    transition: background 0.18s var(--ease), color 0.18s var(--ease);
}
.bibtex-copy:hover {
    background: var(--accent);
    color: #fff;
}
[data-theme="dark"] .bibtex-block {
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.04);
}

/* === A11y: focus-visible rings === */
*:focus { outline: none; }
a:focus-visible,
button:focus-visible,
.theme-toggle:focus-visible,
.bibtex-toggle:focus-visible,
.bibtex-copy:focus-visible,
.back-to-top:focus-visible,
.social-sidebar a:focus-visible {
    outline: 2px solid var(--accent);
    outline-offset: 2px;
    border-radius: 4px;
}

/* === Collaboration callout === */
.collab-callout {
    position: relative;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 1.1rem;
    margin: 1rem 0 0;
    padding: 1.15rem 1.4rem 1.15rem 1.55rem;
    border-radius: var(--radius, 12px);
    background: var(--bg, #fff);
    border: 1px solid var(--border);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
    overflow: hidden;
    transition: box-shadow 0.25s var(--ease), border-color 0.25s var(--ease);
}
.collab-callout:hover {
    border-color: var(--accent);
    box-shadow: 0 8px 22px rgba(99, 102, 241, 0.18);
}
.collab-callout-icon {
    flex-shrink: 0;
    position: relative;
    width: 48px;
    height: 48px;
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    border-radius: 50%;
    background: radial-gradient(circle at 30% 25%, #818cf8 0%, var(--accent) 55%, #4f46e5 100%);
    color: #fff;
    font-size: 1.25rem;
    --fa-primary-color: #fff;
    --fa-secondary-color: #e0e7ff;
    --fa-secondary-opacity: 0.7;
    border: none;
    box-shadow:
        0 1px 2px rgba(255,255,255,0.5) inset,
        0 4px 12px rgba(79, 70, 229, 0.35);
}
.collab-callout-icon::before,
.collab-callout-icon::after {
    content: "";
    position: absolute;
    inset: 0;
    border-radius: inherit;
    border: 2px solid var(--accent);
    opacity: 0;
    pointer-events: none;
    animation: collabRipple 4.5s cubic-bezier(0.25, 0.8, 0.4, 1) infinite;
}
.collab-callout-icon::after { animation-delay: 2.25s; }
@keyframes collabRipple {
    0%   { transform: scale(1);    opacity: 0.55; }
    70%  { transform: scale(1.35); opacity: 0; }
    100% { transform: scale(1.35); opacity: 0; }
}
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
    .collab-callout-icon::before,
    .collab-callout-icon::after { animation: none; }
}
.collab-callout-body {
    min-width: 0;
}
.collab-callout-title {
    font-family: var(--serif);
    font-style: italic;
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    letter-spacing: 0;
    color: var(--text);
    margin-bottom: 0.2rem;
}
.collab-callout-text {
    font-family: var(--sans);
    font-size: 1rem;
    font-weight: 400;
    color: var(--text);
    line-height: 1.6;
    margin: 0;
}
.collab-callout-email {
    color: var(--accent);
    font-weight: 600;
    text-decoration: none;
    border-bottom: 1px dashed rgba(99, 102, 241, 0.45);
    transition: color 0.2s var(--ease), border-color 0.2s var(--ease);
}
.collab-callout-email:hover {
    color: #4338ca;
    border-bottom-color: var(--accent);
}
.collab-callout-coffee {
    color: var(--accent);
    --fa-primary-color: var(--accent);
    --fa-secondary-color: var(--accent);
    --fa-secondary-opacity: 0.45;
    margin-left: 0.15rem;
}
[data-theme="dark"] .collab-callout-coffee {
    color: var(--accent-hover);
    --fa-primary-color: var(--accent-hover);
    --fa-secondary-color: var(--accent-hover);
}
[data-theme="dark"] .collab-callout {
    background: var(--bg);
    border-color: var(--border);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
}
[data-theme="dark"] .collab-callout-icon {
    background: radial-gradient(circle at 30% 25%, #a5b4fc 0%, #818cf8 55%, #6366f1 100%);
    color: #fff;
    --fa-primary-color: #fff;
    --fa-secondary-color: #e0e7ff;
    border: none;
}
[data-theme="dark"] .collab-callout-title {
    color: var(--text);
}
[data-theme="dark"] .collab-callout-email {
    color: var(--accent-hover);
    border-bottom-color: rgba(129, 140, 248, 0.5);
}
[data-theme="dark"] .collab-callout-email:hover {
    color: #c7d2fe;
}
@media (max-width: 640px) {
    .collab-callout {
        gap: 0.85rem;
        padding: 0.95rem 1rem;
    }
    .collab-callout-icon {
        width: 42px;
        height: 42px;
        font-size: 1.1rem;
        border-radius: 12px;
    }
    .collab-callout-title { font-size: 0.95rem; }
    .collab-callout-text { font-size: 0.88rem; }
}

/* === Floating social sidebar === */
.social-sidebar {
    position: fixed;
    left: 1.1rem;
    top: 50%;
    transform: translateY(-50%);
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 0.35rem;
    padding: 0.45rem;
    border-radius: 16px;
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.78);
    backdrop-filter: blur(14px) saturate(180%);
    -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(14px) saturate(180%);
    border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.6);
    box-shadow:
        0 0 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.04),
        0 2px 8px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.04),
        0 10px 32px rgba(99, 102, 241, 0.12);
    z-index: 999;
    opacity: 0;
    transform: translateY(-50%) translateX(-12px);
    animation: social-sidebar-in 0.6s 0.3s var(--ease) forwards;
}
@keyframes social-sidebar-in {
    to { opacity: 1; transform: translateY(-50%) translateX(0); }
}
.social-sidebar a {
    position: relative;
    width: 40px;
    height: 40px;
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: flex-start;
    padding-left: 11px;
    overflow: hidden;
    border-radius: 11px;
    color: var(--accent);
    --fa-primary-color: var(--accent);
    --fa-secondary-color: var(--accent);
    --fa-secondary-opacity: 0.45;
    font-size: 1.05rem;
    transition: width 0.35s var(--ease), background 0.25s var(--ease), color 0.25s var(--ease), box-shadow 0.25s var(--ease);
    text-decoration: none;
    white-space: nowrap;
}
.social-sidebar a i {
    flex-shrink: 0;
    width: 18px;
    text-align: center;
}
.social-sidebar-label {
    opacity: 0;
    margin-left: 0;
    max-width: 0;
    font-size: 0.82rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    letter-spacing: 0.01em;
    transition: opacity 0.25s var(--ease), margin-left 0.35s var(--ease), max-width 0.35s var(--ease);
}
.social-sidebar a:hover {
    width: 140px;
    background: var(--accent-subtle);
    color: var(--accent);
}
.social-sidebar a:hover .social-sidebar-label {
    opacity: 1;
    margin-left: 0.55rem;
    max-width: 100px;
}
[data-theme="dark"] .social-sidebar {
    background: rgba(30, 27, 75, 0.70);
    border-color: rgba(129, 140, 248, 0.22);
    box-shadow:
        0 0 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2),
        0 2px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3),
        0 10px 32px rgba(129, 140, 248, 0.18);
}
[data-theme="dark"] .social-sidebar a {
    color: var(--accent-hover);
    --fa-primary-color: var(--accent-hover);
    --fa-secondary-color: var(--accent-hover);
}
[data-theme="dark"] .social-sidebar a:hover {
    background: rgba(129, 140, 248, 0.15);
    color: var(--accent-hover);
}
/* Hide on narrow viewports (profile card already lists them) */
@media (max-width: 992px) {
    .social-sidebar { display: none; }
}

/* === Indigo-tinted card hover shadow === */
.bg-white.shadow-sm.rounded-xl {
    transition: box-shadow 0.25s var(--ease), transform 0.25s var(--ease);
}
.bg-white.shadow-sm.rounded-xl:hover {
    box-shadow: 0 1px 3px rgba(0,0,0,0.05), 0 6px 18px rgba(99, 102, 241, 0.14);
}
[data-theme="dark"] .bg-white.shadow-sm.rounded-xl:hover {
    box-shadow: 0 1px 3px rgba(0,0,0,0.4), 0 6px 18px rgba(129, 140, 248, 0.22);
}

/* === Touch targets ≥ 44px on mobile === */
@media (max-width: 640px) {
    .abstract-links a,
    .card-body a,
    .nav-link {
        min-height: 44px;
        display: inline-flex;
        align-items: center;
    }
}

/* =============================================================================
   What's-new strip (replaces stacked LATEST banners)
   ============================================================================= */
.whatsnew-strip {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.55rem;
    margin: 0 0 1rem;
    padding: 0.55rem 0.85rem;
    background: linear-gradient(90deg, var(--accent-subtle), rgba(255,255,255,0) 65%);
    border: 1px solid var(--accent-border);
    border-radius: 14px;
    box-shadow: 0 2px 10px rgba(99, 102, 241, 0.08);
    font-size: 0.92rem;
}
.whatsnew-label {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.4rem;
    font-size: 0.68rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.08em;
    color: var(--accent);
    flex-shrink: 0;
}
.whatsnew-chip {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.35rem;
    padding: 0.32rem 0.5rem;
    color: var(--text);
    font-family: var(--serif);
    font-style: italic;
    font-size: 0.92rem;
    line-height: 1.35;
    text-decoration: none;
    flex: 1 1 auto;
    min-width: 0;
    transition: color 0.2s var(--ease), transform 0.2s var(--ease);
}
.whatsnew-chip:hover {
    transform: translateY(-1px);
    color: var(--accent);
    text-decoration: none;
}
.whatsnew-chip .whatsnew-arrow {
    color: var(--accent);
    font-size: 0.8rem;
}
[data-theme="dark"] .whatsnew-strip {
    background: linear-gradient(90deg, rgba(99, 102, 241, 0.12), rgba(0,0,0,0) 65%);
}
[data-theme="dark"] .whatsnew-chip {
    color: #e2e8f0;
}

/* =============================================================================
   Selected Publications — tighter rows + accent under section header
   ============================================================================= */
.bg-white.shadow-sm.rounded-xl > h6.border-bottom {
    position: relative;
}
.bg-white.shadow-sm.rounded-xl > h6.border-bottom::after {
    content: "";
    position: absolute;
    left: 1rem;
    bottom: -1px;
    width: 64px;
    height: 2px;
    background: linear-gradient(90deg, var(--accent), transparent);
    border-radius: 2px;
}
.row.no-gutters.border-bottom > [class*="col-"] {
    padding-top: 0.65rem !important;
    padding-bottom: 0.65rem !important;
}
.row.no-gutters h5 {
    font-size: 1.02rem;
}
.row.no-gutters .small {
    font-size: 0.82rem;
}

/* =============================================================================
   Year groups inside the publication card (P1)
   Uses native <details>/<summary> — no JS required.
   ============================================================================= */
.yr-section {
    border-top: 1px solid var(--accent-subtle);
}
.yr-section:first-of-type {
    border-top: none;
}
.yr-section[open] .yr-head {
    background: linear-gradient(90deg, rgba(99, 102, 241, 0.06), rgba(255,255,255,0) 60%);
}
.yr-head {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.55rem;
    padding: 0.55rem 1rem 0.55rem 0.9rem;
    cursor: pointer;
    user-select: none;
    list-style: none;
    background: linear-gradient(90deg, rgba(99, 102, 241, 0.04), rgba(255,255,255,0) 60%);
    transition: background 0.2s var(--ease);
}
.yr-head::-webkit-details-marker { display: none; }
.yr-head:hover {
    background: linear-gradient(90deg, rgba(99, 102, 241, 0.10), rgba(255,255,255,0) 60%);
}
.yr-num {
    font-family: var(--serif);
    font-size: 1.05rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--text);
    letter-spacing: 0.02em;
    min-width: 3rem;
}
.yr-count {
    font-size: 0.72rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.08em;
    color: var(--accent);
    background: rgba(99, 102, 241, 0.10);
    padding: 0.12rem 0.45rem;
    border-radius: 999px;
}
.yr-head::after {
    content: "▾";
    margin-left: auto;
    color: var(--text-muted);
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    transition: transform 0.2s var(--ease);
}
.yr-section:not([open]) .yr-head::after {
    transform: rotate(-90deg);
}
[data-theme="dark"] .yr-section {
    border-top-color: rgba(99, 102, 241, 0.18);
}
[data-theme="dark"] .yr-head {
    background: linear-gradient(90deg, rgba(99, 102, 241, 0.12), rgba(0,0,0,0) 60%);
}

/* =============================================================================
   Tagline inline icons (UBC, Vector Institute, etc.) — FA icons in same color as text
   ============================================================================= */
.tagline-icon {
    font-size: 0.92em;
    margin: 0 0.18em 0 0.05em;
    --fa-primary-color: var(--text);
    --fa-secondary-color: var(--text);
    --fa-secondary-opacity: 0.4;
    color: var(--text);
}

/* Highlight card link icons — same accent color as the link text */
.highlights-row .hl-link i.fa-duotone {
    --fa-primary-color: var(--accent);
    --fa-secondary-color: var(--accent);
    --fa-secondary-opacity: 0.5;
    margin-right: 0.2em;
    font-size: 0.85em;
}
.highlights-row .hl-link i.fa-arrow-up-right {
    margin-right: 0;
    margin-left: 0.1em;
    font-size: 0.7rem !important;
}

/* =============================================================================
   Collaborators card
   ============================================================================= */
.collaborators-card .collab-row {
    display: flex;
    align-items: flex-start;
    gap: 0.85rem;
    padding: 0.35rem 0;
}
.collaborators-card .collab-row-frequent {
    border-top: 1px dashed var(--border);
    margin-top: 0.5rem;
    padding-top: 0.7rem;
}
.collaborators-card .collab-row-label {
    flex-shrink: 0;
    font-size: 0.72rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    letter-spacing: 0.08em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: var(--text-secondary);
    padding-top: 0.4rem;
    min-width: 5rem;
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.35rem;
}
.collaborators-card .collab-row-label i {
    color: var(--accent);
}
.collaborators-card .collab-pills {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 0.4rem;
}
.collaborators-card .collab-pill {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: baseline;
    gap: 0.35rem;
    padding: 0.25rem 0.7rem;
    border-radius: 999px;
    border: 1px solid var(--border);
    background: var(--bg-page, #f8fafc);
    color: var(--text);
    text-decoration: none;
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    font-weight: 500;
    transition: border-color 0.2s var(--ease), background 0.2s var(--ease), color 0.2s var(--ease), box-shadow 0.2s var(--ease);
}
.collaborators-card .collab-pill:hover {
    border-color: var(--accent-border);
    background: var(--accent-subtle);
    color: var(--accent);
    box-shadow: 0 1px 4px rgba(99, 102, 241, 0.14);
    text-decoration: none;
}
.collaborators-card .collab-pill-affil {
    font-size: 0.7rem;
    color: var(--text-secondary);
    font-weight: 500;
    letter-spacing: 0.02em;
}
.collaborators-card .collab-pill:hover .collab-pill-affil {
    color: var(--accent);
    opacity: 0.75;
}
[data-theme="dark"] .collaborators-card .collab-pill {
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.03);
    border-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.12);
}
@media (max-width: 575.98px) {
    .collaborators-card .collab-row {
        flex-direction: column;
        gap: 0.4rem;
    }
    .collaborators-card .collab-row-label {
        padding-top: 0;
    }
}

/* =============================================================================
   Highlights — GitHub star badge
   ============================================================================= */
.highlights-row .gh-stars {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.3rem;
    font-size: 0.75rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--accent);
    margin-left: 0.6rem;
    letter-spacing: 0.01em;
    transition: color 0.2s var(--ease), opacity 0.2s var(--ease);
    text-decoration: none;
}
.highlights-row .gh-stars i {
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    color: var(--accent);
}
.highlights-row .gh-stars .gh-star-icon {
    color: #eab308;
    font-size: 0.78rem;
}
.highlights-row .gh-stars:hover {
    color: var(--accent-hover);
    text-decoration: none;
    opacity: 0.85;
}
.highlights-row .gh-stars:hover i {
    color: var(--accent-hover);
}
.highlights-row .gh-stars:hover .gh-star-icon {
    color: #eab308;
}

/* =============================================================================
   Publication links — icon-first variant
   ============================================================================= */
.abstract-links a i {
    margin-right: 0.32rem;
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    line-height: 1;
    vertical-align: -5%;
}
.abstract-links a i.fa-brands {
    font-size: 0.92rem;
}

/* =============================================================================
   "Open for internships" banner inside profile bio
   ============================================================================= */
.open-for-banner {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 0.55rem;
    padding: 0.45rem 0.85rem;
    margin: 0 0 0.85rem 0;
    background: var(--accent-subtle);
    border: 1px solid var(--accent-border);
    border-radius: 999px;
    font-size: 0.88rem;
    color: var(--text);
}
.open-for-banner i {
    color: var(--accent);
    --fa-primary-color: var(--accent);
    --fa-secondary-color: var(--accent);
    --fa-secondary-opacity: 0.45;
    font-size: 0.95rem;
}
.open-for-banner strong { color: var(--accent); font-weight: 600; }

/* =============================================================================
   Sticky-navbar anchor offset — keep headings clear of the fixed-top navbar
   ============================================================================= */
:root { --navbar-offset: 4.75rem; }
:target,
h1[id], h2[id], h3[id], h4[id], h5[id], h6[id],
section[id], article[id], div[id] {
    scroll-margin-top: var(--navbar-offset);
}